Calculating Interest Rates with Microsoft Excel

The Rate function calculates the interest rate implicit in a set of loan or investment terms
given the number of periods (months, quarters, years or whatever), the payment per period, the present value, the future value, and, optionally, the type-of-annuity switch, and also optionally, an interest-rate guess.

If you set the type-of-annuity switch to 1, Excel assumes payments occur at the beginning
of the period, following the annuity due convention. If you set the annuity switch to 0 or
you omit the argument, Excel assumes payments occur at the end of the period following
the ordinary annuity convention.

The function uses the following syntax:

Calculating Interest Rates with Microsoft Excel

RATE (nper, pmt, pv, fv, type, guess)

As one example, suppose you want to calculate the implicit interest rate on a car lease for a ,000 car that requires five years of 0-a-month payments (occurring as an annuity due) and also a
,000 balloon payment. To do this, assuming you want to start with a guess of 10%, you
can use the following formula:

=RATE(5*12,-250,20000,-15000,1)

The function returns the value .95%, which is a monthly interest rate of just less than 1%.
If you annualize this monthly rate by multiplying it by 12, you get an equivalent annual
interest rate of 11.41%.

As another example, suppose you want to calculate the implicit interest rate on a 0,000 real estate mortgage that requires thirty years of 00-a-month payments (occurring as an ordinary annuity) but (thankfully) no balloon payment. To do this, assuming you want to start with a guess of 10%, you can use the following formula:

=RATE(30*12,-2000,300000)

The function returns the value .59%, which is a monthly interest rate of slightly more than half a percent.
If you annualize this monthly rate by multiplying it by 12, you get an equivalent annual
interest rate of 7.0203%.

A final point: Excel solves the RATE function iteratively starting with the guess argument you provide.
(If you don't provide this optional argument, Excel uses 10%.) If Excel can't solve the RATE argument within 20 attempts, it returns the #NUM! error. You can try a different guess argument, which may help because you're telling Excel to begin its search from a different (hopefully closer) starting point.

Calculating Interest Rates with Microsoft Excel
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Stephen L. Nelson is a small business tax CPA specializing in S corporations and the author of many bestselling books including the MBA's Guide to Microsoft Excel from which this article is adapted. Nelson also edits the Forming an S corp online, the Incorporating a small business and the forming an LLC web sites.

Recover RAW Drive - RAW File System Recovery Solution

Raw drive file recovery is possible. File system raw, or sometimes we call raw drive is not a Windows recognized file system. It is an error that your drive encounters. What's worse, files in the drive are gone since you may notice that by right clicking the drive, it shows file system raw and disk space 0 bytes. Then where did your files go? Can you retrieve them?

Raw drive is a special file system error that is along with other possible symptoms like "disk is not formatted, do you want to format it now?", chkdsk is not available for raw drives, sector not fond, file system displayed RAW, invalid media type reading drive...

To restore files from raw drive, you can find your solution at rawfilesystem.com, which provides the solution for you whenever your storage media became RAW or not readable.

Recover RAW Drive - RAW File System Recovery Solution

SD card can become raw and not reading in computer, external hard drive can become RAW if you insert it to your PC and try to open the drive, pen drive, Maxtor hard drive, Seagate hard disk, western digital hard disk can fell into RAW file system problems.

When raw strikes hard drive partition, it may ask you to format the partition to make it recognizable disk for operating system. RAW is a system provided file for a drive, which is a last resort for all Input/Output requests needing system file support. When I/O manager calls the active filesystem to mount the hard drive volume, the RAW system file is always called last as it support all types of disks and tape media.

The truth of raw filesystem or rawdrive is the damaged or missing FAT, fat allocation table or master boot sector damaged. FAT and master boot drive is lost, damaged, corrupted by virus, software error that brings to your system, and your system cannot recognize your drive any longer. The most common file system recognized by Windows operating system or Linux system are NTFS (NTFS5, NTFS), FAT(FAT16, FAT32), EXT2,3... RAW is not the right system type, what you may do is to restore files from the raw drive.

To recover raw partition, just download the program called iCare data recovery, which provides up to date searching technology and get files from raw drive. Download a free trial of icare data recovery from rawfilesystem.com and run it on Windows platform. Connect your raw drive to the system if it was an external storage media like sd card, external hard disk, pen drive, usb drive... Run "Deep Scan Recovery", a powerful recovery module provided to search files that are lost with the in depth searching technology by scanning the data area over the FAT.

iCare data recovery is the most comprehensive data recovery utility to effectively handle the raw drive file recovery scenarios. It recover files from formerly FAT32, NTFS, NTFS5 partitions and it is compatible with Windows 7, Vista, XP and Server 2008, 2003 OS.

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Delete Browsing History - How to Clear & Permanently Delete Cookies and Cache From Your Web Browser

It has always been pretty simple to delete your Internet browsing search history. Your favorite browser, whether it is Internet Explorer, Firefox or some other, has long come with the option to delete your Internet, web and browser search history and to clear cookies and memory cache. The trick is your simply knowing what to do.

Now, remember that as in deleting other files, these files are not permanently erased until they are written over, so there are numerous special programs out there to permanently erase your search and Internet history. However, while most users do not know how to erase the history, even fewer know how to retrieve it, so using these built in functions is going to be successful for most computer users.

Most people surfing the web still use Internet Explorer. On the top menu, simply click Tools/Options/Internet Options/General. Then click "delete files", then click OK. Finally click "clear history", then click Yes when prompted.

Delete Browsing History - How to Clear & Permanently Delete Cookies and Cache From Your Web Browser

Safari users have it easy. Simply click History on the top menu, and then click Clear History on the bottom of the list that appears. Just in case you did not know, Safari is now freely available for Windows users. It is one of the best browsers when it comes to protecting your search history and enabling private browsing.

If you are a Mozilla FireFox user, you will choose Tools/Options/Privacy/Clear. It is a piece of cake, right?

AOL is just as simple...Settings/Preferences/Toolbars and Sounds/Clear History Trail Now.

Granted, having to choose "toolbars and sounds" does not sound intuitive, but it does bring up an important point. If you have toolbars on your browser, like the Google, Yahoo, or Alexa toolbars, those also keep your search history for future reference...which is actually quite handy when you are trying to find something again and cannot remember what search term was successful.

However, if you are trying to cover your tracks, you do not want that information left there for prying eyes. As an example, click the Down arrow to the right of where you enter your search on the Google toolbar, and you will see your search history right in front of you. Fortunately, you will also see a link that says Clear History. Just click there, and your history is gone from sight.

All toolbars provide this sort of option, as well as an option to not even remember your Internet search history, although you might have to go into your browser and turn off the AutoComplete function.

But, again, if you want to truly make sure your search history is gone forever, you are going to need third-party privacy control software to do it. These programs cannot only clear history, cache and cookies, but they will usually permanently delete them from your computer where they cannot be recovered using undelete or data recovery software. Most programs on the market use government and military level deletion protocols, which wipe the data from your computer for good.

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For more in-depth and informative articles on all sorts of subjects ranging from anonymous web browsing to how to clean your hard drive to remove private data and for comprehensive reviews of the latest software available to protect your online privacy, such as Cyberscrub Privacy Suite, you should visit the Privacy Software Review Center right now at http://privacysoftware.biz